Anti-cancer activity of Ashwagandha extract
Ashwagandha extract has shown certain anti – cancer activities in pre – clinical studies, through mechanisms such as inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis, and modulating the immune system. Here is a detailed analysis:
Inducing cell cycle arrest: Cancer cells divide and proliferate rapidly. Ashwagandha extract can interfere with the cell cycle of cancer cells, causing them to be blocked at specific stages, thereby inhibiting their growth and reproduction. For example, some studies have found that it can cause cancer cells to accumulate in the G0/G1 phase, preventing them from entering the S phase where DNA replication occurs.
Promoting apoptosis: Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process. Ashwagandha extract can activate apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells, leading to the activation of caspases and other apoptotic factors, which eventually cause the death of cancer cells. This helps to eliminate cancer cells without harming normal cells.
Inhibiting angiogenesis: Tumor growth and metastasis rely on the formation of new blood vessels to provide nutrients and oxygen. Ashwagandha extract may inhibit the process of angiogenesis by regulating the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other related factors, thereby restricting the growth and spread of tumors.
Modulating the immune system: A strong immune system is crucial for the body to fight against cancer. Ashwagandha extract can enhance the activity of immune cells such as natural killer cells, T – lymphocytes, and macrophages, improving the body’s immune – mediated anti – cancer response. It helps the immune system better identify and kill cancer cells.
Although these pre – clinical studies are promising, more clinical trials are needed to fully evaluate the anti – cancer efficacy of Ashwagandha extract in humans and to determine its optimal dosage, administration route, and potential side effects. At present, Ashwagandha extract cannot be used as a single – agent treatment for cancer but may have the potential to be used as an adjuvant therapy in combination with conventional cancer treatments.
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